Six Penny Creek AME Church - Revision history

Bcarter: fixed a few items- land ownership and added Homan

2023-09-30T15:05:38Z

fixed a few items- land ownership and added Homan

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	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole ~~family~~, ~~a notable family in~~ the ~~community~~<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land adjacent to (and possibly owned by) John Waston. It is currently owned by the Cole's, descendants of the original occupants <ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>Homan 1958, 114; National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===
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	== References ==		== References ==
	*Dickerson, Dennis C. ''The Official Website African Methodist Episcopal Church: Our History.'' AME Church.[https://www.ame-church.com/our-church/our-history/]		*Dickerson, Dennis C. ''The Official Website African Methodist Episcopal Church: Our History.'' AME Church.[https://www.ame-church.com/our-church/our-history/]

			*Homan, Wayne. 1958. “The Underground Railroad.” Historical Review of Berks County 23 (4): 112–28.

	*LaRoche, Cheryl Janifer. 2017. ''Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad: The Geography of Resistance.'' Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.		*LaRoche, Cheryl Janifer. 2017. ''Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad: The Geography of Resistance.'' Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.

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2021-01-29T20:45:30Z

Significance of AME Churches

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	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===
	The Underground Railroad was influenced by religious denominations, including AME, Quakers, Black Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians, among others<ref>LaRoche 2017, 12</ref>. Quakers, such as members of the Scarlett family, assisted self-emancipated individuals on the road to freedom. Within the Six Penny Creek community, the efforts of both Quakers and the establishment of the AME church within the community were important. Churches were often established on the edge of a settlement, rather than being centrally situated<ref>LaRoche 2017, 101</ref>.		The Underground Railroad was influenced by religious denominations, including AME, Quakers, Black Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians, among others<ref>LaRoche 2017, 12</ref>. Quakers, such as members of the Scarlett family, assisted self-emancipated individuals on the road to freedom. Within the Six Penny Creek community, the efforts of both Quakers and the establishment of the AME church within the community were important. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] were linked by Mt. Frisby AME Church. Churches were often established on the edge of a settlement, rather than being centrally situated<ref>LaRoche 2017, 101</ref>.

	The AME denomination grew from the Free African Society, which was founded by Richard Allen, a former slave from Delaware<ref>Dickerson</ref>, in 1787 when Absalom Jacobs and he broke from Philadelphia's St. George's Methodist Church and established a new congregation<ref>LaRoche 2017, 133</ref>, Bethel AME, in 1794<ref>Dickerson</ref>. Allen was successful in his legal lawsuits in 1807 and 1815 in Pennsylvania courts to secure the right of his congregation to exist as an institution independent of the general Methodist denomination<ref>Dickerson</ref>. Allen was a proponent of self-improvement, dignity, and racial equity, and these convictions of his were included in the establishment of other AME churches<ref>LaRoche 2017, 133</ref>. AME churches were utilized to harbor self-emancipated individuals along the Underground Railroad<ref>LaRoche 2017, 134</ref>. Following Allen's death in 1831, William Paul Quinn took up the mantle and established one of the earliest Black churches west of the Allegheny Mountains, an AME in Pittsburgh, where he served as pastor to the church, which also served as a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>LaRoche 2017, 134-135</ref>.		The AME denomination grew from the Free African Society, which was founded by Richard Allen, a former slave from Delaware<ref>Dickerson</ref>, in 1787 when Absalom Jacobs and he broke from Philadelphia's St. George's Methodist Church and established a new congregation<ref>LaRoche 2017, 133</ref>, Bethel AME, in 1794<ref>Dickerson</ref>. Allen was successful in his legal lawsuits in 1807 and 1815 in Pennsylvania courts to secure the right of his congregation to exist as an institution independent of the general Methodist denomination<ref>Dickerson</ref>. Allen was a proponent of self-improvement, dignity, and racial equity, and these convictions of his were included in the establishment of other AME churches<ref>LaRoche 2017, 133</ref>. AME churches were utilized to harbor self-emancipated individuals along the Underground Railroad<ref>LaRoche 2017, 134</ref>. Following Allen's death in 1831, William Paul Quinn took up the mantle and established one of the earliest Black churches west of the Allegheny Mountains, an AME in Pittsburgh, where he served as pastor to the church, which also served as a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>LaRoche 2017, 134-135</ref>.

Aberg at 20:02, 29 January 2021

2021-01-29T20:02:52Z

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	The Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church can be connected to [[charcoal production]], as several Six Penny Creek community members were [[colliers]] and also worked at Hopewell Furnace<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47~~</ref>. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015~~</ref>.		The Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church can be connected to [[charcoal production]], as several Six Penny Creek community members were [[colliers]] and also worked at Hopewell Furnace<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>.

	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. ~~The church~~ was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===

Aberg at 00:54, 29 January 2021

2021-01-29T00:54:12Z

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	The Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church can be connected to [[charcoal production]], as several Six Penny Creek community members were [[colliers]]. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>.		The Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church can be connected to [[charcoal production]], as several Six Penny Creek community members were [[colliers]] and also worked at Hopewell Furnace<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. [[Six Penny Creek and the Underground Railroad]] are intertwined, as Mt. Frisby AME Church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>.

	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==

Aberg: /* Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church */

2021-01-29T00:30:43Z

Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:30, 29 January 2021
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	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church ~~became~~ a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church was a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===

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2021-01-29T00:30:15Z

Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church

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	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===

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2021-01-29T00:27:26Z

References

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	*National Park Service, Hopewell Furnace. 2015. ''African-Americans at Hopewell Furnace.'' National Park Service: U.S. Department of the Interior.[https://www.nps.gov/hofu/learn/historyculture/african-americans.htm]		*National Park Service, Hopewell Furnace. 2015. ''African-Americans at Hopewell Furnace.'' National Park Service: U.S. Department of the Interior.[https://www.nps.gov/hofu/learn/historyculture/african-americans.htm]

	*Speros, Susan and Michelle Lynch. 2013. ''Prioritizing Berks County Cultural and Historical Resources Within and Nearby the Hopewell Big Woods.'' Friends of Hopewell Furnace NHS. [http://www.schuylkillhighlands.org/downloads/news_docs/newsfile_1375472575.pdf]		*Speros, Susan and Michelle Lynch. 2013. ''Prioritizing Berks County Cultural and Historical Resources Within and Nearby the Hopewell Big Woods.'' Friends of Hopewell Furnace NHS.[http://www.schuylkillhighlands.org/downloads/news_docs/newsfile_1375472575.pdf]

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2021-01-29T00:25:23Z

References

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	*National Park Service, Hopewell Furnace. 2015. ''African-Americans at Hopewell Furnace.'' National Park Service: U.S. Department of the Interior.[https://www.nps.gov/hofu/learn/historyculture/african-americans.htm]		*National Park Service, Hopewell Furnace. 2015. ''African-Americans at Hopewell Furnace.'' National Park Service: U.S. Department of the Interior.[https://www.nps.gov/hofu/learn/historyculture/african-americans.htm]

	*Speros, Susan and Michelle Lynch. 2013. ''Prioritizing Berks County Cultural and Historical Resources Within and Nearby the Hopewell Big Woods.''[http://www.schuylkillhighlands.org/downloads/news_docs/newsfile_1375472575.pdf]		*Speros, Susan and Michelle Lynch. 2013. ''Prioritizing Berks County Cultural and Historical Resources Within and Nearby the Hopewell Big Woods.'' Friends of Hopewell Furnace NHS. [http://www.schuylkillhighlands.org/downloads/news_docs/newsfile_1375472575.pdf]

Aberg: /* Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church */

2021-01-29T00:24:34Z

Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church

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	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>, including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref> including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===

Aberg at 00:16, 29 January 2021

2021-01-29T00:16:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:16, 29 January 2021
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	==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==		==Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church==
	The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.		The Six Penny Creek community established Mt. Frisby African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1856<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. The church was erected on land owned by the Cole family, a notable family in the community. More information on the Cole family can be found in the "Residents" section of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]] page. The church was constructed of local red sandstone and was a built as a one story, three bay structure<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. The church became a station on the Underground Railroad<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. It was also significant for being the location of the oldest African-American cemetery in Berks County, PA<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>. Several former laborers at the nearby Hopewell Furnace were buried in the church's cemetery<ref>National Park Service 2015</ref>, including Isaac Cole, a prominent member of the [[Six Penny Creek Community]]<ref>Speros and Lynch 2013, 47</ref>. By 1860, there were nine houses surrounding Mt. Frisby AME Church<ref>Speros and Lynch 3013, 47</ref>.

	===Significance of AME Churches===		===Significance of AME Churches===